{"id":1792,"date":"2023-03-31T10:48:09","date_gmt":"2023-03-31T02:48:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cslds.org\/apsl-consortium\/?page_id=1792"},"modified":"2024-03-14T17:14:27","modified_gmt":"2024-03-14T09:14:27","slug":"10-use-of-space-in-sign-languages-referent-localization-jp","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cslds.org\/apsl-consortium\/sign-linguistics-jp\/10-use-of-space-in-sign-languages-referent-localization-jp\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7b2c10\u7ae0\uff1a\u624b\u8a71\u8a00\u8a9e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u5229\u7528\uff1a\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7279\u5b9a"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" 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wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/cuhk.ap.panopto.com\/Panopto\/Pages\/Embed.aspx?id=75257021-f478-48d3-88f5-afd50034829a&amp;autoplay=false&amp;offerviewer=false&amp;showtitle=false&amp;showbrand=false&amp;captions=false&amp;interactivity=none\" height=\"285\" width=\"720\" style=\"border: 1px solid #464646;\" allowfullscreen=\"\" allow=\"autoplay\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p style=\"font-size:15px\">\u30b3\u30fc\u30df\u30a2\u3089\uff08Cormier et al. 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allow=\"autoplay\"><\/iframe>\n\n<p>\u300c\u79c1\u306f\u3001\u592a\u90ce\u306b\u672c\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u3068\u3001\u82b1\u5b50\u306b\u8a71\u3057\u305f\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/cuhk.ap.panopto.com\/Panopto\/Pages\/Embed.aspx?id=2589f04e-b83c-45fb-8659-afd50034f7c9&amp;autoplay=false&amp;offerviewer=false&amp;showtitle=false&amp;showbrand=false&amp;captions=false&amp;interactivity=none\" height=\"285\" width=\"720\" style=\"border: 1px solid #464646;\" allowfullscreen=\"\" allow=\"autoplay\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p style=\"font-size:15px\">\u60f3\u50cf\u306e\u4e2d\u306e\u3053\u308c\u3089\u4e0d\u53ef\u8996\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u7269\u306f\u3001\u30b5\u30ed\u30b2\u30fc\u30c8\uff08\u4ee3\u7528\u7269\uff09\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u3001\u73fe\u5b9f\u306e\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u6982\u306d\u540c\u3058\u5927\u304d\u3055\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u628a\u63e1\u3067\u304d\u308b\uff08Liddell 1990, 1995\uff09\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306a\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u3000\u9ad8\u3055\u306e\u9055\u3044\u304c\u3001\u4e00\u81f4\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53ca\u307c\u3059\u5834\u5408\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4f8b\uff083\uff09\u3067\u306f\u3001\u300c\u6559\u5e2b\u300d\u3068\u300c\u751f\u5f92\u300d\u306e\u30b5\u30ed\u30b2\u30fc\u30c8\u304c\u8a71\u8005\u306e\u53f3\u5074\u3068\u5de6\u5074\u306b\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3075\u305f\u3064\u306e\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u6307\u3057\u793a\u3059\u3057\u3050\u3055\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u3068\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e \/\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\/ \u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6559\u5e2b\u306f\u751f\u5f92\u3088\u308a\u3082\u80cc\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5730\u4f4d\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5206\u304b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><b>\u4f8b\uff083\uff09<\/b><\/p>\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/cuhk.ap.panopto.com\/Panopto\/Pages\/Embed.aspx?id=7ac7aeb4-7737-437f-b1ac-afd50034f8f0&amp;autoplay=false&amp;offerviewer=false&amp;showtitle=false&amp;showbrand=false&amp;captions=false&amp;interactivity=none\" height=\"285\" width=\"502\" style=\"border: 1px solid #464646;\" allowfullscreen=\"\" allow=\"autoplay\"><\/iframe>\n\n<p>\u300c\u6559\u5e2b\u306f\u751f\u5f92\u306b\u672c\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u3002\u751f\u5f92\u306f\u3042\u308a\u304c\u3068\u3046\u3068\u8a00\u3063\u305f\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/cuhk.ap.panopto.com\/Panopto\/Pages\/Embed.aspx?id=3b4d1eed-23d9-4ae6-a2d0-afd500351642&amp;autoplay=false&amp;offerviewer=false&amp;showtitle=false&amp;showbrand=false&amp;captions=false&amp;interactivity=none\" height=\"285\" width=\"720\" style=\"border: 1px solid #464646;\" allowfullscreen=\"\" allow=\"autoplay\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p style=\"font-size:15px\">\u4f8b\uff082\uff09\u304a\u3088\u3073\u4f8b\uff083\uff09\u306f\u3001\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u6709\u7e01\u7684\u5229\u7528\u306e\u5b9f\u4f8b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8a71\u8005\u304c\u5468\u56f2\u306e\u5b9f\u7269\u5927\u306e\u4eba\u307e\u305f\u306f\u30e2\u30ce\u3068\u3084\u308a\u3068\u308a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u6709\u7e01\u7684\u306a\u5229\u7528\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u3088\u308a\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u7e2e\u5c3a\u306e\u7a7a\u9593\u304c\u60f3\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3082\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8a71\u8005\u306f\u3001\u81ea\u5206\u306e\u524d\u9762\u306e\u7a7a\u9593\u3092\uff3b\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u7a7a\u9593\u3092\u7e2e\u5c0f\u3057\u305f\uff3d\u4e00\u7a2e\u306e\u5730\u56f3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u4f7f\u3044\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308b\u4eba\u3084\u30e2\u30ce\u3092\u3001\u624b\u8a71\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\uff08Cormier et al. 2015\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\uff084\uff09\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8a71\u8005\u306f\u6700\u521d\u306b\u3001\u624b\u8a71\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u5de6\u5074\u306b\u5de6\u624b\u3092\u7f6e\u304d\u3001\u81ea\u52d5\u8eca\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u793a\u3059\u3002\u7d9a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u53f3\u624b\u3067\u5c11\u5e74\u3092\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u3001\u5c11\u5e74\u304c\u81ea\u52d5\u8eca\u306b\u5411\u304b\u3063\u3066\u6b69\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3059\u3002\u30ea\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u5206\u6790\uff08Liddell 1990, 1995\uff09\u3067\u306f\u3001\u81ea\u52d5\u8eca\u3068\u5c11\u5e74\u3092\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u8868\u308f\u3059\u3075\u305f\u3064\u306e\u624b\u3092\u300c\u30c8\u30fc\u30af\u30f3\uff08\u8a71\u984c\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5b58\u5728\uff09\u300d\u3068\u547c\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u591a\u304f\u306e\u6587\u732e\u3067\u306f\u300c\u985e\u5225\u8a5e\uff08CL\uff09\u300d\u3068\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u547c\u3070\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff08\u985e\u5225\u8a5e\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u5168\u822c\u7684\u306a\u8003\u5bdf\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001Pfau et al. 2012; Sandler &amp; Lillo-Martin 2006\u3092\u53c2\u7167\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\uff085\uff09\u306b\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u3088\u308a\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u7e2e\u5c3a\u3092\u898b\u7acb\u3066\u3066\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u6709\u7e01\u7684\u5229\u7528\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u793a\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<p><b>\u4f8b\uff084\uff09<\/b><\/p>\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/cuhk.ap.panopto.com\/Panopto\/Pages\/Embed.aspx?id=149a82f0-e676-4f64-b6ba-afd500352dae&amp;autoplay=false&amp;offerviewer=false&amp;showtitle=false&amp;showbrand=false&amp;captions=false&amp;interactivity=none\" height=\"285\" width=\"502\" style=\"border: 1px solid #464646;\" allowfullscreen=\"\" allow=\"autoplay\"><\/iframe>\n\n<p>\u300c\u5c11\u5e74\u304c\u81ea\u52d5\u8eca\u306b\u5411\u304b\u3063\u3066\u6b69\u304f\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><b>\u4f8b\uff085\uff09<\/b><\/p>\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/cuhk.ap.panopto.com\/Panopto\/Pages\/Embed.aspx?id=8e4f99a5-f3fb-46b6-9010-afd500354e8b&amp;autoplay=false&amp;offerviewer=false&amp;showtitle=false&amp;showbrand=false&amp;captions=false&amp;interactivity=none\" height=\"285\" width=\"502\" style=\"border: 1px solid #464646;\" allowfullscreen=\"\" allow=\"autoplay\"><\/iframe>\n\n<p>\u300c\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u306e\u4e0a\u306b\u4e8c\u518a\u306e\u672c\u304c\u3042\u308b\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/cuhk.ap.panopto.com\/Panopto\/Pages\/Embed.aspx?id=803dfc50-5756-472e-a48e-afd5003558a8&amp;autoplay=false&amp;offerviewer=false&amp;showtitle=false&amp;showbrand=false&amp;captions=false&amp;interactivity=none\" height=\"285\" width=\"720\" style=\"border: 1px solid #464646;\" allowfullscreen=\"\" allow=\"autoplay\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p style=\"font-size:15px\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u306e\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u304c\u6063\u610f\u7684\u306b\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306f\u3001\u3000\u73fe\u5b9f\u307e\u305f\u306f\u60f3\u50cf\u306e\u4e16\u754c\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u3000\u306a\u3044\u3002\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306f\u3001\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u793a\u3059\u76ee\u7684\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u624b\u8a71\u8a00\u8a9e\u5185\u306b\u8a2d\u3051\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3060\u3051\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4f8b\uff086\uff09\u3067\u3001\u8a71\u8005\u306f\u3001\u8074\u8005\u3068\u308d\u3046\u8005\u306e\u8996\u91ce\u3092\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u8a71\u8005\u306f\u3001\/\u308d\u3046\u8005\/ \u3092\u8868\u308f\u3059\u3068\u304d\u3001\u982d\u3092\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306b\u50be\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u624b\u8a71\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u5de6\u5074\u3068\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u300c\u308d\u3046\u8005\u300d\u3068\u3092\u95a2\u9023\u4ed8\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3000\u3000\u307e\u305f\u3001\u540c\u69d8\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u308a\u300c\u8074\u8005\u300d\u3068\u624b\u8a71\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u53f3\u5074\u3068\u3092\u95a2\u9023\u4ed8\u3051\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff3b\u5de6\u5074\u3068\u53f3\u5074\uff3d\u306f\u3001\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u793a\u3059\u76ee\u7684\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3060\u3051\u306b\u6063\u610f\u7684\u306b\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u3000\u6063\u610f\u7684\u5229\u7528\u306e\u3082\u3046\u3072\u3068\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4f8b\uff087\uff09\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8a71\u8005\u306f\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u3092\u5b66\u3076\u3053\u3068\u3068\u82b8\u8853\u3092\u5b66\u3076\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8868\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u3075\u305f\u3064\u306e\u3000\u7570\u306a\u308b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><b>\u4f8b\uff086\uff09<\/b><\/p>\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/cuhk.ap.panopto.com\/Panopto\/Pages\/Embed.aspx?id=565ccc93-eef3-49b2-8982-afd5003578bc&amp;autoplay=false&amp;offerviewer=false&amp;showtitle=false&amp;showbrand=false&amp;captions=false&amp;interactivity=none\" height=\"285\" width=\"502\" style=\"border: 1px solid #464646;\" allowfullscreen=\"\" allow=\"autoplay\"><\/iframe>\n\n<p>\u300c\u308d\u3046\u8005\u306f\u3001\u8074\u8005\u3088\u308a\u3082\u8996\u91ce\u304c\u5e83\u3044\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><b>\u4f8b\uff087\uff09<\/b><\/p>\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/cuhk.ap.panopto.com\/Panopto\/Pages\/Embed.aspx?id=3553410a-7cbc-45ab-8f79-afd500358c65&amp;autoplay=false&amp;offerviewer=false&amp;showtitle=false&amp;showbrand=false&amp;captions=false&amp;interactivity=none\" height=\"285\" width=\"502\" style=\"border: 1px solid #464646;\" allowfullscreen=\"\" allow=\"autoplay\"><\/iframe>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:15px\">\u300c\u533b\u5b66\u3092\u5b66\u3076\u306e\u306f\u5927\u5909\u3060\u3057\u3001\u5b66\u3070\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u671f\u9593\u3082\u9577\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u3001\u5c06\u6765\u3001\u6ca2\u5c71\u7a3c\u3050\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:15px\">\u82b8\u8853\u3092\u5b66\u3076\u306e\u306f\u3001\u79c1\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u8208\u5473\u6df1\u304f\u3001\u5927\u3044\u306b\u697d\u3057\u3081\u308b\u3068\u601d\u3046\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u3001\u5c06\u6765\u3001\u6ca2\u5c71\u306f\u7a3c\u3050\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:15px\">\u79c1\u306f\u4eca\u3082\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3075\u305f\u3064\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u691c\u8a0e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u307e\u3060\u7b54\u3048\u306f\u51fa\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u300d<sub><\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:15px\"><strong><strong><u>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\uff1a<\/u><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\" style=\"font-size:15px\">\n<li>Perniss, Pamela. 2012. Use of sign space. In Roland Pfau, Markus Steinbach &amp; Bencie Woll (eds.), <em>Sign language: An international handbook <\/em>(Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science), 412-31. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Liddell, Scott K.1990.&nbsp; Four Functions of a Locus: Reexamining the Structure of Space in ASL. In: Lucas, Ceil (ed.), <em>Sign Language Research: Theoretical Issues<\/em>. Washington, DC: Gallaudet University Press, 176-198.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Liddell, Scott K.1995. Real, Surrogate and Token Space: Grammatical Consequences in ASL. In: Emmorey, Karen\/Reilly, Judy S. (eds.), <em>Language, Gesture, and Space<\/em>. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 19-41.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sandler, Wendy &amp; Diane Lillio-Martin. 2006. <em>Sign Language and Linguistic Universals<\/em>, Cambridge University Press (Unit 5: Classifier constructions)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pfau, Roland, Markus Steinbach &amp; Bencie Woll. 2012. <em>Sign Language: An International Handbook<\/em>. De Gruyter Mouton (Unit 8: Classifiers)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cslds.org\/apsl-consortium\/sign-linguistics-jp\/9-use-of-space-in-sign-languages-verb-classification-jp\/\">&lt; \u7b2c\uff19\u7ae0\uff1a\u624b\u8a71\u8a00\u8a9e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u5229\u7528\uff1a\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5206\u985e<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cslds.org\/apsl-consortium\/sign-linguistics-jp\/11-use-of-space-in-sign-languages-marking-temporal-relations-jp\">\u7b2c11\u7ae0\uff1a\u624b\u8a71\u8a00\u8a9e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u5229\u7528\uff1a\u6642\u9593\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u6a19\u793a ><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div><p id=\"pvc_stats_1792\" class=\"pvc_stats all  \" data-element-id=\"1792\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon small\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.0\" viewBox=\"0 0 502 315\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\"><g transform=\"translate(0,332) scale(0.1,-0.1)\" fill=\"\" stroke=\"none\"><path d=\"M2394 3279 l-29 -30 -3 -207 c-2 -182 0 -211 15 -242 39 -76 157 -76 196 0 15 31 17 60 15 243 l-3 209 -33 29 c-26 23 -41 29 -80 29 -41 0 -53 -5 -78 -31z\"\/><path d=\"M3085 3251 c-45 -19 -58 -50 -96 -229 -47 -217 -49 -260 -13 -295 52 -53 146 -42 177 20 16 31 87 366 87 410 0 70 -86 122 -155 94z\"\/><path 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class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u524d\u306e\u7ae0\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u81f4\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u7a7a\u9593\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u624b\u8a71\u8a71\u8005\u304c\u305d\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u7a7a\u9593\u5185\u3067\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u624b\u3092\u52d5\u304b\u3059\u304b\u306b\u3000\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8003\u5bdf\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7ae0\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8a71\u8005\u304c\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\uff08\u4eba\u9593\u307e\u305f\u306f\u4eba\u9593\u4ee5\u5916\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u7269\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3068\u624b\u8a71\u7a7a\u9593\u5185\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3068\u3092\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u4ed8\u3051\u308b\u306e\u304b\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3088\u308a\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u8abf\u3079\u308b\u3002 \u30b3\u30fc\u30df\u30a2\u3089\uff08Cormier et al. 2015\uff09\u306f\u3001\u624b\u8a71\u8a00\u8a9e\u306e\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6307\u793a\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u300c\u6709\u7e01\u7684\uff08motivated\uff09\u300d\u3068\u300c\u6063\u610f\u7684\uff08arbitrary\uff09\u300d\u306e\u3075\u305f\u3064\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u306b\u5927\u5225\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3000\u6307\u6458\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u6709\u7e01\u7684\u5229\u7528\u3067\u306f\u3001\u73fe\u5b9f\u307e\u305f\u306f\u60f3\u50cf\u306e\u3000\u4e16\u754c\u306e\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u624b\u8a71\u7a7a\u9593\u306b\u30de\u30c3\u30d4\u30f3\u30b0\u3059\u308b\u3002\u524d\u306e\u3000\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u3067\u793a\u3057\u305f\u901a\u308a\u3001\/\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\/ \u306f\u4e00\u81f4\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3000\u304a\u3088\u3073\u9593\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u793a\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306b\u624b\u306e\u52d5\u304d\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u3092\u5909\u66f4\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u4e00\u81f4\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u306f\u3001\u624b\u8a71\u7a7a\u9593\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u9593\u3092\u52d5\u4f5c\u3067\u793a\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u4f8b\uff081\uff09\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8a71\u8005\u306e\u96a3\u306b\u3075\u305f\u308a\u306e\u4eba\u7269\u304c\u7acb\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5f7c\u5973\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3072\u3068\u308a\uff08\u592a\u90ce\uff09\u306b\u672c\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u3068\u3001\u3082\u3046\u3072\u3068\u308a\u306e\u4eba\u7269\uff08\u82b1\u5b50\uff09\u306b\u8a71\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\/\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\/ \u306e\u3000\u52d5\u4f5c\u3067\u306f\u3001\u624b\u3092\u8a71\u8005\u304b\u3089\u3072\u3068\u308a\u306e\u4eba\u7269\uff08\u592a\u90ce\uff09\u3078\u3068\u52d5\u304b\u3059\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u4e00\u4eba\u79f0\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u3068\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u306e\u9593\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3068\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u3092\u8868\u308f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002 \u4f8b\uff081\uff09 \u300c\u79c1\u306f\u3059\u3067\u306b\uff08\u592a\u90ce\u306b\uff09\u672c\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u300d \u3075\u305f\u3064\u306e\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\uff08\u4e0a\u8ff0\u306e\u3075\u305f\u308a\u306e\u4eba\u7269\uff09\u304c\u305d\u306e\u5834\u306b\u3044\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u3001\u8a71\u8005\u306f\u3001\u3075\u305f\u308a\u304c\u305d\u3053\u306b\u3044\u308b\u3068\u60f3\u50cf\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4f8b\uff082\uff09\u306e\u3000\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u60f3\u50cf\u306e\u4e2d\u306e\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u9593\u3067\u4e00\u81f4\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002 \u4f8b\uff082\uff09 \u300c\u79c1\u306f\u3001\u592a\u90ce\u306b\u672c\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u3068\u3001\u82b1\u5b50\u306b\u8a71\u3057\u305f\u300d \u60f3\u50cf\u306e\u4e2d\u306e\u3053\u308c\u3089\u4e0d\u53ef\u8996\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u7269\u306f\u3001\u30b5\u30ed\u30b2\u30fc\u30c8\uff08\u4ee3\u7528\u7269\uff09\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u3001\u73fe\u5b9f\u306e\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u6982\u306d\u540c\u3058\u5927\u304d\u3055\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u628a\u63e1\u3067\u304d\u308b\uff08Liddell 1990, 1995\uff09\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306a\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u3000\u9ad8\u3055\u306e\u9055\u3044\u304c\u3001\u4e00\u81f4\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53ca\u307c\u3059\u5834\u5408\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4f8b\uff083\uff09\u3067\u306f\u3001\u300c\u6559\u5e2b\u300d\u3068\u300c\u751f\u5f92\u300d\u306e\u30b5\u30ed\u30b2\u30fc\u30c8\u304c\u8a71\u8005\u306e\u53f3\u5074\u3068\u5de6\u5074\u306b\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3075\u305f\u3064\u306e\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u6307\u3057\u793a\u3059\u3057\u3050\u3055\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u3068\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e \/\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\/ \u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6559\u5e2b\u306f\u751f\u5f92\u3088\u308a\u3082\u80cc\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5730\u4f4d\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5206\u304b\u308b\u3002 \u4f8b\uff083\uff09 \u300c\u6559\u5e2b\u306f\u751f\u5f92\u306b\u672c\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u3002\u751f\u5f92\u306f\u3042\u308a\u304c\u3068\u3046\u3068\u8a00\u3063\u305f\u300d \u4f8b\uff082\uff09\u304a\u3088\u3073\u4f8b\uff083\uff09\u306f\u3001\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u6709\u7e01\u7684\u5229\u7528\u306e\u5b9f\u4f8b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8a71\u8005\u304c\u5468\u56f2\u306e\u5b9f\u7269\u5927\u306e\u4eba\u307e\u305f\u306f\u30e2\u30ce\u3068\u3084\u308a\u3068\u308a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u6709\u7e01\u7684\u306a\u5229\u7528\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u3088\u308a\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u7e2e\u5c3a\u306e\u7a7a\u9593\u304c\u60f3\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3082\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8a71\u8005\u306f\u3001\u81ea\u5206\u306e\u524d\u9762\u306e\u7a7a\u9593\u3092\uff3b\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u7a7a\u9593\u3092\u7e2e\u5c0f\u3057\u305f\uff3d\u4e00\u7a2e\u306e\u5730\u56f3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u4f7f\u3044\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308b\u4eba\u3084\u30e2\u30ce\u3092\u3001\u624b\u8a71\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\uff08Cormier et al. 2015\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\uff084\uff09\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8a71\u8005\u306f\u6700\u521d\u306b\u3001\u624b\u8a71\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u5de6\u5074\u306b\u5de6\u624b\u3092\u7f6e\u304d\u3001\u81ea\u52d5\u8eca\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u793a\u3059\u3002\u7d9a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u53f3\u624b\u3067\u5c11\u5e74\u3092\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u3001\u5c11\u5e74\u304c\u81ea\u52d5\u8eca\u306b\u5411\u304b\u3063\u3066\u6b69\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3059\u3002\u30ea\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u5206\u6790\uff08Liddell 1990, 1995\uff09\u3067\u306f\u3001\u81ea\u52d5\u8eca\u3068\u5c11\u5e74\u3092\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u8868\u308f\u3059\u3075\u305f\u3064\u306e\u624b\u3092\u300c\u30c8\u30fc\u30af\u30f3\uff08\u8a71\u984c\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5b58\u5728\uff09\u300d\u3068\u547c\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u591a\u304f\u306e\u6587\u732e\u3067\u306f\u300c\u985e\u5225\u8a5e\uff08CL\uff09\u300d\u3068\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u547c\u3070\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff08\u985e\u5225\u8a5e\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u5168\u822c\u7684\u306a\u8003\u5bdf\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001Pfau et al. 2012; Sandler &amp; Lillo-Martin 2006\u3092\u53c2\u7167\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\uff085\uff09\u306b\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u3088\u308a\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u7e2e\u5c3a\u3092\u898b\u7acb\u3066\u3066\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u6709\u7e01\u7684\u5229\u7528\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u793a\u3059\u3002 \u4f8b\uff084\uff09 \u300c\u5c11\u5e74\u304c\u81ea\u52d5\u8eca\u306b\u5411\u304b\u3063\u3066\u6b69\u304f\u3002\u300d \u4f8b\uff085\uff09 \u300c\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u306e\u4e0a\u306b\u4e8c\u518a\u306e\u672c\u304c\u3042\u308b\u300d \u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u306e\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u304c\u6063\u610f\u7684\u306b\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306f\u3001\u3000\u73fe\u5b9f\u307e\u305f\u306f\u60f3\u50cf\u306e\u4e16\u754c\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u3000\u306a\u3044\u3002\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306f\u3001\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u793a\u3059\u76ee\u7684\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u624b\u8a71\u8a00\u8a9e\u5185\u306b\u8a2d\u3051\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3060\u3051\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4f8b\uff086\uff09\u3067\u3001\u8a71\u8005\u306f\u3001\u8074\u8005\u3068\u308d\u3046\u8005\u306e\u8996\u91ce\u3092\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u8a71\u8005\u306f\u3001\/\u308d\u3046\u8005\/ \u3092\u8868\u308f\u3059\u3068\u304d\u3001\u982d\u3092\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306b\u50be\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u624b\u8a71\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u5de6\u5074\u3068\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u300c\u308d\u3046\u8005\u300d\u3068\u3092\u95a2\u9023\u4ed8\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3000\u3000\u307e\u305f\u3001\u540c\u69d8\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u308a\u300c\u8074\u8005\u300d\u3068\u624b\u8a71\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u53f3\u5074\u3068\u3092\u95a2\u9023\u4ed8\u3051\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff3b\u5de6\u5074\u3068\u53f3\u5074\uff3d\u306f\u3001\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u793a\u3059\u76ee\u7684\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3060\u3051\u306b\u6063\u610f\u7684\u306b\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u3000\u6063\u610f\u7684\u5229\u7528\u306e\u3082\u3046\u3072\u3068\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4f8b\uff087\uff09\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8a71\u8005\u306f\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u3092\u5b66\u3076\u3053\u3068\u3068\u82b8\u8853\u3092\u5b66\u3076\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8868\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u3075\u305f\u3064\u306e\u3000\u7570\u306a\u308b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002 \u4f8b\uff086\uff09 \u300c\u308d\u3046\u8005\u306f\u3001\u8074\u8005\u3088\u308a\u3082\u8996\u91ce\u304c\u5e83\u3044\u300d \u4f8b\uff087\uff09 \u300c\u533b\u5b66\u3092\u5b66\u3076\u306e\u306f\u5927\u5909\u3060\u3057\u3001\u5b66\u3070\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u671f\u9593\u3082\u9577\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u3001\u5c06\u6765\u3001\u6ca2\u5c71\u7a3c\u3050\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002 \u82b8\u8853\u3092\u5b66\u3076\u306e\u306f\u3001\u79c1\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u8208\u5473\u6df1\u304f\u3001\u5927\u3044\u306b\u697d\u3057\u3081\u308b\u3068\u601d\u3046\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u3001\u5c06\u6765\u3001\u6ca2\u5c71\u306f\u7a3c\u3050\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002 \u79c1\u306f\u4eca\u3082\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3075\u305f\u3064\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u691c\u8a0e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u307e\u3060\u7b54\u3048\u306f\u51fa\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u300d \u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\uff1a &lt; 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